Alone locomotion: Alone movement behaviour including a walk, trot, canter/lope, gallop, tölt, flying pace, or backing up 

Alone resting: Standing rest, sternal recumbency, or lateral recumbency performed alone 

Social resting: Stationary resting behaviour with another animal within 1 body length 

Anticipatory behaviour: Animal orients body or gaze toward caretakers, gates, or predictable events (excluding pacing) 

Vocalisation: Any vocalisation such as whinnying, neighing, grunting, or calling 

Alone non-enrichment play: Play with own body, water, or environment without enrichment items 

Enrichment engagement: Exploration or play directed toward enrichment objects or activities 

Social non-enrichment play: Gentle play with another animal, lower intensity than agonistic behaviour 

Food intake: Animal ingests food during feeding or enrichment 

Social grooming: Animal licks or gently bites another animal’s fur 

Sexual behaviour: Genital contact, genital sniffing, mounting, copulation, pelvic thrusting, or Flehmen response 

Agonistic behaviour: High-speed aggressive interactions such as chasing or biting 

Alone grooming: Animal grooms its own body 

Wakeful inactivity: Animal stationary with eyes open but not resting 

Alone sniffing: Animal sniffs air or environment (excluding enrichment) 

Environmental rubbing: Animal rubs body against environmental features 

Pacing without anticipation: Repetitive locomotion without anticipatory cues 

Pacing with anticipation: Repetitive locomotion with anticipatory cues 

Oral ARB: Repetitive oral behaviours such as cribbing or invariant licking 

Locomotory ARB: Repetitive movement-based behaviours such as head tossing 

Urinate/Defaecate: Animal observed urinating or defaecating 

Other behaviour: Any behaviour not listed 

Out of sight: Animal not visible